How To Construct Concrete Stairs?
Construction of concrete stairs includes steps for example designing, preparing foundation, building formwork, positioning of reinforcement steel bars, concreting, finishing and curing. Construction of concrete stairs is a struggle that needs an engineer to review all of the aspects and style it as well as a skilled labour to develop it.
Steps for Construction of Concrete Stairs
The followings will be the steps linked to construction of concrete stairs,
1. Designing of Concrete Stairs
Designing of stairs requires through understanding of design aspects and site study. The standards that influence the appearance of stairs are height from the floor, width with the stairs, risers depth, thread width, thickness in the stairs, angle with the stairs, load applied to the steps and a lot of other aspects which requires a qualified engineer to create the ideal stairs.
2. Foundation and Support for Concrete Stairs
The muse on what the concrete stairs rest shall be properly constructed in order that the lots of the steps are transferred directly into ground successfully and to resist the movement of stairs.
In the event the plinth beam of creating is present at the start of the steps, then this reinforcement steels bars might be connected to them that may transfer the loads. If no plinth beam is located, then this small concrete foundation or size stone masonry is constructed.
To compliment the stairs at the top which restricts the movement of stairs is generally completed to the cover beam or slab.
3. Building the Form-work for Concrete Stairs
The most crucial step when building concrete stairs is by using an effective formwork. The angle of flight, dimensions of thread and riser have to be properly checked. Usually while constructing a stairs attached with wall, the line of flight , thread and risers are marked on your wall for correct fixing of shuttering or formwork.
It's must be a minimum of 2” thick, about keep the weight with the concrete. The entire structure of the form, have to be sustained by 4?4 posts. The wooden boards are used to create the steps and therefore are fastened with several screws towards the lateral structure in the formwork.
Make use of a spirit level, about make sure the form is level and plumb, if you need to get yourself a neat look. The sort of the concrete stairs needs to be attached to the ceiling.
These steel reinforcement bars are placed within the formwork with a minimum of 25 mm spacing and is tied together.
5. Pouring of Concrete for Concrete Stairs
Pouring of concrete to the formworks begins from the below part to above. The concrete mix plays an important role in durability and strength of stairs. Standard mix employed for stairs are 3 parts cement, 2 parts sand, 4 parts gravel and water.
It is recommended to use a concrete vibrator while pouring the concrete to totally fill the gaps in the stairs and to avoid the honeycomb formation.
4. Steel Reinforcement for Concrete Stairs
The concrete steps have to be reinforced with steel bars so as it carries the hundreds coming upon the stairs and transfer these to the ground. The number of steel bars and height and width of the bars is to be calculated by way of a structural engineers depending upon the masses coming on the steps.
These steel reinforcement bars are placed from the formwork with the least 25 mm spacing and is also tied together.
5. Pouring of Concrete for Concrete Stairs
Pouring of concrete to the formworks commences from the below part to above. The concrete mix plays a crucial role in strength and durability of stairs. Standard mix employed for stairs are 3 parts cement, 2 parts sand, 4 parts gravel and water.
It is recommended use a concrete vibrator while pouring the concrete absolutely fill the gaps of the stairs also to prevent the honeycomb formation.
The work is usually to be finished great care and patience , as any sudden movements can disturb the alignment of the formworks or perhaps collapse the formwork. It will always be recommended to pour the concrete ceiling and stairs within the 24 hour, as to create a strong bond between these factors.
6. Removing Formwork
The stairs requires at least A three week period to normally dry out completely, hence the removal of formwork is to done only after 21days. Over these Twenty-one days proper curing would be to completed to prevents the cracks in stairs because of thermal expansion.
As soon as the A 3 week period, the formwork is removed using a hammer as well as a crowbar. Use patience, regarding avoid damaging the concrete or the edges with the stairs.
7. Finishing of Concrete Stairs
After the formwork is taken off, the steps may be carried out in many ways as per the element the utilization. It may try to be finished using trowel or float to present concrete finish, cement tiles, granite could be installed for better appearance. Even carpet or wood may also be used to end the stairs.
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